EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXXVIII

1. Papilio golicaon, Boisduval, Z.

2. Papilio daunus, Boisduval, 7.

3. Papilio pilumnus, Boisduval, 7.

(The figures in this plate are reduced, being only two thirds of the natural size.)

went up and down, here and there, through the fields, they found many drops upon stones and rocks; but they were only on the hollow and under parts of the stones, but not upon those which lay most open to the skies.'

"This memorable shower of blood was produced by the Vanessa urticæ or V. polychloros, most probably, since these species of butterflies are said to have been uncommonly plentiful at the time when, and in the particular district where, the phenomenon was observed."

FRANK COWAN, Curious History of Insects.

FOR A DESIGN OF A BUTTERFLY RESTING ON A SKULL

"Creature of air and light,

Emblem of that which may not fade or die,

Wilt thou not speed thy flight,

To chase the south wind through the glowing sky?
What lures thee thus to stay,

With Silence and Decay,

Fix'd on the wreck of cold Mortality?

"The thoughts once chamber'd there

Have gather'd up their treasures, and are gone—
Will the dust tell us where

They that have burst the prison-house are flown?
Rise, nursling of the day,

If thou wouldst trace their way

Earth hath no voice to make the secret known.

"Who seeks the vanish'd bird

By the forsaken nest and broken shell?—
Far thence he sings unheard,

Yet free and joyous in the woods to dwell.
Thou of the sunshine born,

Take the bright wings of morn!

Thy hope calls heavenward from yon ruin'd cell."

MRS. HEMANS.

SUBFAMILY PAPILIONINÆ

Butterfly.—Generally large, and often with the hind wings adorned by tail-like projections. The most characteristic structural feature of the group is the absence of the internal vein of the hind wings. The submedian vein occupies the position usually held in other subfamilies by the internal.

Early Stages. In that portion of the group which includes the genus Parnassius and its allies, the caterpillars are not, so far as is known, provided with scent-organs, and pupation takes place upon the ground, or among loosely scattered leaves, which are interwoven, at the time of pupation, with a few strands of silk. The genus Papilio and its allies have large, fleshy, more or less cylindrical caterpillars, possessed of osmateria, or offensive scent-organs, and a general resemblance runs through the chrysalids of all species, which are attached by a button of silk at the anal extremity and supported in the middle by a silk girdle.

Butterfly. Of medium size, with more or less diaphanous wings, generally white or yellow in color, marked with black spots and round pink or yellow spots, margined with black. The head is relatively small, thickly clothed with hairs. The antennæ are short and straight, having a gradually thickened club. The palpi are very thin, straight, and clothed with long hairs.