dents, for information as to whether either of these six children of Lord Francis intermarried with the Shurdington Lawrences. If the two families were. not connected in this direct manner, I believe they became so by the marriage of Joseph Lawrence with Mary Townley, who was the (only ?) child of one of Lord Francis Howard's daughters by Mr. Townley. The marriage of Joseph Lawrence with Mary Townley took place in France. The scanty information I possess on this subject is derived from some records at New York, where the name of Lawrence seems very common, and at least one Effingham Lawrence was living there a few years since. The coincidence of these two names is curious, if only accidental; but I understand that many persons have borne them at dif ferent times. I may be entirely on the wrong track, but I should feel thankful for any information on the subject. Bayswater. E. H. V. The event is thus described in the Bath and Bristol Chronicle of April 13, 1769, and may be interesting to your readers: "Never was such a scene of anarchy, riot, and confusion in this city, or exhibited in any assembly that has pretensions to politeness, as happened on Tuesday night last at Mr. Simpson's Rooms, when the friends of Mr. B. and Mr. Plomer met mutually to support their choice of each of the above gentlemen, as Master of the Ceremonies. "Before the minuets began a written paper was produced by a gentleman in the interest of Mr. Plomer, which he requested to be permitted to read, but hisses, groans, and other indecent marks of disapprobation from the other party prevented it, and a general confusion was the consequence. "Among the gentlemen, scandalous epithets soon produced blows, and among the ladies (who began the fray), the spirit of opposition afforded work for the milliners, hair-dressers, and mantua-makers. At last the Mayor appeared with his proper officers and the deputy Town Clerk to appease the tumult, which was at length effected, after the Riot Act had been three times read." In this work the satire is far severer than in Bath Characters. The most strenuous efforts were made to discover the author, but in vain: the secret has been as well kept as that of" Junius." Epitaph at Abinger (2nd S. ii. 306.) This epitaph is not original: it will be found in the churchyard of Bradford, Yorkshire, with a few verbal alterations, as follows: "My stithy and my hammer I reclined, My fire's extinguish'd, and my forge decay'd, Similar epitaphs on blacksmiths are probably to be found in various other parts of the country. The above I copied from a flat grave-stone not many weeks ago. N. L. T. Lord Dean of York (2nd S. ii. 171.294.)-There were two Wykehamists in the sixteenth century named John Younge: one, Warden of New College, April 13, 1521, and Bishop of Calliopolis, Feb. 3, 1513-14; the other was Fellow of New College, Dean of York, May 17, 1514, envoy to Austria and France, and Master of the Rolls; the former was born at Newton Longueville, the latter at Rye. A reference to Mr. Hardy's edition of Le Neve's Fasti would show whether any Dean of York was likewise a suffragan about that period. MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M. A. Nearsightedness (2nd S. ii. 149. 236. 257.) — I have seen it stated in works on physiology that the highly nutritious and concentrated food, together with the reading and other sedentary habits of the higher classes, has a close connection with the nearsightedness so palpably prevalent amongst them. That many may affect such a defect is true, but that it is not far more prevalent among the upper than the lower classes is an idea at variance with universal testimony and experience. As a general thing those engaged in agricultural pursuits, and who seldom read or try the eyes by close application, are quite free from this defect. In this county (Somerset) a nearsighted ploughman or out-door labourer of any class would, I am sure, be a rara avis, and so would he be, I presume, in any other county. Of course tailors, shoemakers, weavers, and all those whose business calls for constant exercise donne ?" omitted by the reviewer, is followed in of the eyes, are more or less liable to become the original by a description of the entrance, nearsighted. Editors, clergymen, literary cha-" dans l'instant qu'on sortait de table," of four racters, and laborious students generally, complain more or less of this defect. So that, leaving out of the question predisposing causes, such as high living, dissipation, &c., it seems a well ascertained fact that the eye is liable to become affected in this way, just in proportion to the exercise it is subjected to. Vox. "Let Byron picture horror and remorse, As if his anguished breast still felt the force; I have not seen the original French, so cannot say whether it is a good imitation of Voltaire's style or not, but even this translation gives sufficient notion of the matter to make one wonder that such poor stuff should have imposed upon any editor. I will give only one instance. p. At 181. Candide is attacked by robbers, his leg broken by a bullet, and afterwards cut off to prevent mortification; at p. 206. he wears a wooden one; and at p. 243. he dances "with the best grace in the world." H. B. C. U. U. Club. "Candide" and the "Quarterly Review" (2nd S. ii. 349.)-The original of the words, "Are you also a king? No, your majesties, and I have no desire to be," are not to be found in the edition of Voltaire's Works, in seventy-one volumes, published at Basle in 1789, nor in the Romans de Voltaire, published by the Didots in Paris, an viii (1800). The external evidence is opposed to the introduction of these words; so also is the internal; for at the opening of this interview Candide had anticipated the question by telling the six kings, another instance of his simplicity, that he was not himself a king, "pourquoi êtes-vous tous rois? pour moi, je vous avoue que ni moi ni Martin nous ne le sommes: and that they so understood him is clear from their designating him "ce simple particulier," equivalent to une personne privée." The inquiry of the kings amongst themselves, evidently not addressed to Candide, "et qui le 66 Serene Highnesses, who had also lost their do- Lichfield. Count Vilain XIV. (2nd S. i. 232.; ii. 338.) Your correspondent, in his inquiries after the origin of the appendix to their name adopted by the Vilain family, has not given the cause most generally asserted to have been the occasion of that singular nominal distinction. When Louis XIV., in the flush of victory, was receiving the congratulations and petitions of the conquered Flemish nobles, the Count Vilain presented himself, and humbly besought his majesty to permit him to change his name. The king, probably irritated at being troubled with a request so truly trivial, answered tetchily, "What! are you ashamed of your name, then take mine." The monarch knew well he was addressing one of the highest nobles in the land, and the descendant of a most ancient lineage. This is believed to be the credited version, and adopted by the family. HENRY D'AVENEY. In Instrument of Torture (2nd S. ii. 109.) Bryan Edwards's History of the West Indies (third Slave Act of Jamaica, passed the 2nd of March, edition, 1801), I find a copy of the "Consolidated 1792," the following clause of which seems to afford a comment on the extract given by W. W.: "XV. And whereas a mischievous practice hath sometimes prevailed of punishing ill-disposed slaves, and such as are apt to abscond from their owners, by fixing or causing to be fixed round the necks of such slaves an iron collar with projecting bars or hooks, to prevent the future desertion of such slaves: Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That such practice is hereby declared to be utterly unlawful, and that no person shall, on any pretence whatsoever, under the penalty of fifty pounds, punish any negro or other slave, whether his own property or otherwise, by fixing, or causing to be fixed, any iron or other collar round the neck of such slave, or by loading the body or limbs of such slave, for any offence whatsoever, with chains, irons, or weights, of any kind, other than such as are absolutely necessary for securing the person of such slave; and all and every the justices of the peace, within this island, are hereby authorized, directed, and required, under the penalty of one hundred pounds, on information and view of such offence, to order such collar, chains, irons, or weights, to be immediately taken off from the slave or slaves wearing or bearing the same." Another clause of the act provides for the punishment of persons found guilty of "mutilating or dismembering any slave or slaves." It would seem from the above, that the slaves in Jamaica were, even as late as 1792, punished with great severity. Vox. Reading of the Psalms (2nd S. i. 213, 214.)—In the reply to the Query, in the concluding sentence, it is stated, that "to maintain a chorus (not a singing, but a responding chorus,) without a choragus, is an impossibility. What is here pronounced impossible is done every Sunday in the United States. Clerks to lead the responses of the congregation were not unusual thirty-five years ago, but I believe that they are now entirely dispensed with; at any rate, I have met with none in my travels in the eastern, middle, and western states, during the last twenty UNEDA. years. Philadelphia. "Instructions for Lent" (2nd S. ii. 329.) — The author of this work was the Rev. John Gother. It forms the third volume of the sixteen containing his spiritual works, apart from his works of controversy. He was a convert to the Catholic Faith, and was the chief instrument, under God, of the conversion of the eminent Bishop Challoner. This book of Instructions for Lent is well known, and highly esteemed. F. C. H. Bones, Manure (2nd S. ii. 99.)—I have heard it stated that the contents of the charnel-houses in the north of Germany are shipped in vast quantities to Hull, and that a considerable proportion of the cargoes imported there consists of human bones. Perhaps some of your readers may be able to state more positively whether or not this is the fact. HENRY T. RILEY. General Epistles (2nd S. i. 209.) — I apprehend that the disquisition on the point raised by ABHBA will scarcely suit your columns. I therefore furnish him with the following references: Whitby on New Testament, vol. iv. p. 939., ed. 1847. Horne vol. iv. p. 427., ed. 9. Tomline p. 322., ed. 19th. Lardner Kitto, sub voce Epistles, Bib. Cycl., p. 644. Theological Critic, ed. T. K. Arnold, vol. ii. p. 373., “On the Most Ancient Canon of the New Testament." vol. vi. p. 467. Also consult Alford and Hug, Lachmann and Tischendorf, or Olshausen. F. S. Thorolds (2nd S. ii. 289.) - Burke would make his statement on the authority of the Thorolds themselves. He applied to each family for their pedigree, and certain other particulars, and published the information he received. He did not pretend to correct people's pedigrees for them, or to test the accuracy of their family traditions. Of course he was anxious his work should be correct, but he was obliged to depend on the parties he applied to. ONE OF THOSE PARTIES. Mottoes for a Common-place Book, Index Rerum, or Note Book (2nd S. ii. 327.) Your correspondent may add the following to his collection: "Because it is but a counterfeit thing in knowledges to be forward and pregnant, except a man be deep and great use and essence in studying, as that which asfull, I hold the entry of common-places to be a matter of sureth copie of invention, and contracteth judgement to a strength. But this is true, that of the methods of common-places that I have seen, there is none of any sufficient worth; all of them carrying merely the face of a school, and not of a world; and referring to vulgar matters and pedantical divisions, without all life, or respect to action.". - Bacon's Advancement of Learning, 1. 2. c. 16. s. 1. "Nihil unquam legit, quod non excerperet."- Plinius junior, Ep. iii. 5., dicens de avunculo suo. "Maximi quique viri et commendant et adhibent sedulam excerpendi curam. Profecto fidem superat, si quis et accurate, et continenter scripto conservet, quidquid constans lectio memoria dignum in dies offert, quanta, quam brevi egregiarum rerum copia congeratur."— Sacchinus, de ratione libros legendi, p. 76. "Dicit Justus Lipsius, lectionem ipsam non sufficere, ne repetitam quidem, imo nec in felicissima memoria, sed opus esse excerptis quibusdam, et notis rerum verborumque singularium. ""- Epist. Instit., cap. 12. N. R. Lines on a Watch (2nd S. ii. 109.) The beautiful lines on this subject by Dr. Byrom are equalled, I think, by the following, which deserve to be made more widely known by insertion in "N. & Q. :" "To a Lady with the present of a Watch. "With me while present, may thy lovely eyes Be never turn'd upon this golden toy: Think every pleasing hour too swiftly flies, And measure time by joy succeeding joy. "But when the cares that interrupt our bliss, To me not always will thy sight allow, Then oft with fond impatience look on this, Then every minute count - as I do now." Can any of your correspondents name the author? N. L. T. St. Peter with a closed Book (2nd S. ii. 268. 319.) Since my former communication, I have met with an instance of St. Peter represented with a closed book, as well as the keys. It occurs in Bottesford Church, Leicestershire. The brass of Henry de Codyngtoun has his effigy vested in a cope; and St. Peter appears thus on the orphrey. St. Paul is on the opposite side, and it is remarkable that he bears a sword only, and no book. F. C. H. Madame Dunois' Court of England: Beau Wilson (1st S. xii. 495.) The lady, from whose letters Madame Dunois took her account of the singular elevation of Beau Wilson, and his subsequent death, at the hands of Law, of Mississippi notoriety, was Mrs. Manley, most probably. The letter, which is a singular production, and is perhaps based on truth, is to be found in Familiar Letters of Love and Gallantry, 1724, vol. ii. p. 61. et seq., where it is the first (and the only interesting one) of a series intituled "Original Letters from the Island of New Atlantis." The lady who lavished such immense wealth upon him was intended for the Duchess of Cleveland; who finally is said to have incited Law to challenge him to a duel and murder him. Is not the author above mentioned the Countess D'Annois ? What is the " very different source " of his wealth that is alluded to in the article abovementioned? Was it the Philosopher's Stone? which, according to common report, he had discovered. HENRY T. RILEY. Miscellaneous. BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE. LOCKHART'S LIFE OF SCOTT. Vol. VIII. 10-Vol. edition. ARMSTRONG'S PASTOR IN HIS CLOSET. STIRLING'S HORACE. 8vo. Date about 1745. LEWIS' SCOTLAND. Second edition. 4to. THE BEAUTIES OF THE LYRIC MUSE. MALLET'S EDWIN AND EMMA. Edited by Dinsdale. 1849. *** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, carriage free, to be sent to MESSRS. BELL & DALDY, Publishers of" NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are given for that purpose: THE HISTORY AND TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF THE COUNTY OF KENT. By Edward Hasted, of Canterbury, Esq., F.R.S. & S.A. Folio. 1782. Vol. I. Wanted by Mr. Dalton, Bookseller to the Queen, 28. Cockspur Street, London. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND. Vol. I. Wanted by Mr. W. Brown, Land Agent, Tring. THE AQUARIUM, MARINE and FRESHWATER.-The LARGEST, BEST, and most VARIED SALE-STOCK in the WORLD of LIVING MARINE ANIMALS and SEAWEEDS, comprising upwards of TEN THOUSAND SPECIMENS, including MORE THAN TWO HUNDRED SPECIES, exclusively contributed from the richest spots of the British coast, thoroughly acclimated in THIRTY LARGE PLATEGLASS TANKS, aggregating EIGHT HUNDRED GALLONS OF SEA-WATER.MR. W. ALFRED LLOYD has removed from St. John Street Road to more commodious and specially arranged premises, as under. A detailed LIST on application. Every variety of the requisite APPARATUS. All the BOOKS on the subject. The most delicate organizations packed to go any distance. A long course of experiments has at length so perfected ARTIFICIAL SEAWATER, that it is analytically correct, and answers every purpose. Šole Agent for the celebrated TANKS of Sanders and Woolcott, and at the same prices. W. ALFORD LLOYD, 19. & 20. Portland Road, Regent's Park, London. A FUNERAL SERMON ON MR. HARDY (2 Cor. v. 1.). By Symon Patrick, B.D. 4to. London, 1670. A PRAYER FOR PERFECTING OUR LATE DELIVERANCE. 8vo. London, 1689, By the same. (Anon.) Wanted by Rev. A. Taylor, M.A., 3. Blomfield Terrace, Paddington. BUFFON'S NATURAL HISTORY, 20 Vols. 8vo. 1812. Vol. VI. HINDOSTAN. Complete in 25 Monthly Parts, at 28, Part 24. Published by Fisher, Son, & Co. Wanted by J. H. W. Cadby, 83. New Street, Birmingham. Notices to Correspondents. Owing to the number of Papers waiting for insertion we are compelled to omit our usual NOTES ON BOOKS. NOTES ON EDMUND CURLL. The necessity of pursuing some inquiries which may prove of great interest has obliged the writer of this series of papers to keep back No. 5. It will probably appear in next Saturday's Number. REV. J. EASTWOOD's replies to the Gower Queries have been accidentally omitted in the making up of the sheet. They shall appear in our next Number. MR. WINTHORP SARGENT, of Philadelphia, is informed that Dr. Parkinson has received his kind communication on the '45 through the medium of "N. & Q." G. The phrase," a rod in pickle," has reference to a practice which formerly prevailed of soaking in brine those terrible instruments of punishment to keep them supple. F. A. C. is thanked for his kind offers. Contemporary explanations of obscure terms must always be valuable. TEAGUE-C. A. - MEMOR. The letters for these Correspondents have been forwarded. D. B. BRIGHTWELL is thanked. He will see that he had been anticipated by DR. RIMBAULT. HYPO. Surely the cry is " Buns or Biscuits." D. BOWMAN will find much information respecting the Scotch Kilt in our 1st S. ii. 62. 174. 470.; iv. 7. 77. 107. 170. 445. HENRY T. RILEY. For Notes on History of Robinson Crusoe see our 1st S. x. 345. 448. "NOTES AND QUERIES" is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the Saturday. INDEX TO THE FIRST SERIES. As this is now published, and the impression is a limited one, such of our readers as desire copies would do well to intimate their wish to their respective booksellers without delay. Our publishers, MESSRS. BELL & DALDY, will forward copies by post on receipt of a Post Office Order for Five Shillings. "NOTES AND QUERIES" is also issued in Monthly Parts, for the convenience of those who may either have a difficulty in procuring the unstamped weekly Numbers, or prefer receiving it monthly. While parties resident in the country or abroad, who may be desirous of receiving the weekly Numbers, may have stamped copies forwarded direct from the Publisher. The subscription for the stamped edition of "NOTES AND QUERIES" (including a very copious Index) is eleven shillings and fourpence for six months, which may be paid by Post Office Order, drawn in favour of the Publisher, MR. GEORGE BELL, No. 186. Fleet Street. PHOTOGRAPHIC POR TRAITS OF LITERARY MEN. By DR. DIAMOND, F.S.A. MESSRS. BELL & DALDY have the pleasure of announcing that they have received copies of the following Photographic Portraits by DR. DIAMOND, which may now be had, price 3s. 6d. each: SIR HENRY ELLIS, F.R.S., Director of the The REV. DR. MAJOR, of King's College. London: BELL & DALDY, 186. Fleet Street. LONDON, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1856. Notes. ANGLO-SAXON CHARTERS. [We have great pleasure in calling attention to the following communication from MR. KEMBLE. When we consider the importance of the documents which he proposes to re-edit- their value as materials to national as well as local history-the improved arrangement of those already printed-the proposed addition of no less than I earnestly beg those gentlemen who have used the Codex Diplomaticus for local purposes, to favour me with such corrections or additions as their knowledge enables them to supply, especially in the list of names of places. JOHN M. KEMBLE. 6. Elizabeth Terrace, Westbourne Park. STRAY NOTES ON EDMUND CURLL, HIS LIFE, AND PUBLICATIONS. House of Lords. sixty new charters, and enlargement of the glossary of No. 5.-Curll's first Appearance at the Bar of the words denoting land-divisions as well as the index of local names-We can scarcely doubt that Mr. Kemble will at once receive such assurances of support as will secure him from a sacrifice which all must agree that he certainly ought "not to be called upon to make."] In answer to the many communications with which I have been favoured, respecting the Codex Diplomaticus Evi Saxonici, I beg to state, that I am prepared to publish a new and greatly improved edition of the work, as soon as I see that this can be done without entailing upon me a sacrifice which I ought not to be called upon to make. Should my plan be carried into effect, it will comprise the following details. An addition of about sixty new documents will be incorporated in the work. The charters hitherto dispersed throughout the volumes will be arranged in their chronological order; but an index will be given, by which the numbers of the old will be identified with those of the new edition. The detached boundaries will be, in every case, appended to the documents to which they belong. All the boundaries, as well as all the charters which are written in Anglo-Saxon, will be translated into English. Regrants and confirmations of charters, where there is no essential difference between their text and the older one, will merely be noticed and carried to the general list of documents, but not reprinted; and similarly, where two or more documents are drawn up in the same words, only one will be printed at length, and the variations of the others noted, The merely formal words, as Proem and Sanction, of every charter will be omitted, and the date and Teste so arranged as to give all the information which is of any value, combined with the greatest possible economy of space. The glossary of words denoting land-divisions, as well as the index of local names, will be materially enlarged. And to the whole will be appended lists, as complete as they can now be made, of the Anglo-Saxon kings and bishops, with the dates of their accessions and deaths. The work will also comprise a chronological table of the principal events of AngloSaxon history from the commencement of our written records till the period of the Norman Conquest. By the means adopted to compress the matter within reasonable bounds, I hope to comprise the whole in about two volumes. The year 1716 had no claims to be marked by Curll with a white stone. It saw his first quarrel with Pope, and witnessed the indignities which he suffered at the hands of the Westminsters. Nor were these the only misfortunes which befel the subject of our Notes in the course of this unlucky year. In his anxiety to turn a penny he violated an Order of the Lords, and soon came into the clutches of Black Rod. The occasion was this. The trial for high treason of the Earl of Wintoun had been brought to a close on Monday, March 19, 1718. The sentence had been passed, and the Lord High Steward, standing up uncovered and declaring "there was nothing more to be done by virtue of his present commission," had broken his Staff and declared the Commission dissolved. On the following Wednesday the House ordered: "That the Proceedings in the Trial of George Earl of Wintoun, upon the Impeachment of High Treason exhibited against him by the House of Commons, be printed and published; and that there be prefixed to the Same, an Account of the several Days or Times when the said Impeachment was brought up, when the said Earl's Answer was put in to the said Impeachment, and when the Commons replied to the said Answer; together with the several Orders, in Course of Time, preparatory to the said Earl's Trial." In pursuance of this Order, Mr. Cowper, the then Clerk of the Parliaments, appointed "Jacob Tonson to print the Tryal of George Earl of Wintoun," and did "forbid any other person to print the same." Honest Jacob accordingly issued the trial, in a good handsome form, and at a price corresponding. The public, however, wanted a cheaper report of it, and the public were supplied with one- "An Account of the Tryal of the Earl of Winton; which began on the 15th and ended on the 19th of March, 1716," printed in folio and occupying six pages, was "Printed for S. Popping, at the Black Raven in Paternoster Row (Price Two-pence)." This was a violation of the Orders of the House not to be overlooked, and on the 13th of April, "complaint being made to the House of a printed paper intituled An Account, &c.," the House ordered "the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod, |