Bishop of Lichfield. In 1781, the decay of his sight, which ended at last in total blindness, prevented his acceptance of the Bishopric of Gloucester, to which the King, without solicitation, had nominated him, on the death of Warburton. He died in 1795, leaving behind the character of "a sincere and exemplary Christian, a sound and accurate scholar, a strenuous and able defender of the Christian religion, and of the Church of England." nere cognovimus. Quare non modo eum lau- Heyne, to whom the King alludes in the following letter, was professor of poetry and eloquence in the University of Gottingen. Having the literary industry common to his learned countrymen, he wrote several ponderous quartos, all of which are to be found in the King's Library. We would particularly request the attention of our readers to the just sentiments expressed by the King on war, and the education of the people. MY GOOD LORD,-On Monday I wrote to the Archbishop of Cantenbury my inclination to grant Dr. Balguy a dispensation from performing the strict residence required by the Statutes of the Chapter of Winchester, provided the archbishop and the bishop of the diocese (whom I desired him to consult) saw no objection in this particular case to such an indulgence. On Wednesday the archbishop told me he had followed my directions, and that he and the bishop agreed in the proprieWindsor, July 23rd, 1782. ty of the step, and thanked me for having first MY GOOD LORD,-It is with infinite satisfaction asked their opinion, which must prevent this caus- I received on Sunday your letter; by which I ing any improper precedent. I have now direct- find that at last the German books, wrote in Lated Lord Shelburne to have the dispensation pre-in, and collected by Professor Heyne, by my dipared for my signature. You may, therefore, now communicate my intention to Dr. Balguy. I have also acquainted the new lord steward of the right of the deputy clerk of the closet to dine at the chaplain's table, and his servant to dine with the servants. You may therefore acquaint the deputy clerk of the closet in waiting of things being now put on the same foot as previous to the dispute with Lord Talbot. GEORGE R. Queen's House, May 10th, 1782. I enclose the oration held by the Pope at Vienna, when he gave the cardinal's hat to two who had been long nominated, but could not receive that mark of their advancement, not having before been in his presence. I be lieve Cicero would not have acknowledged him for a disciple. per rections, for you, are arrived at Hartlebury. I shall certainly continue to authorize him to send any others that he may think, from their subjects or styles, likely to meet with approbation. I own the reputation of the University of Gottingen I have much at heart, from an idea that, if ever mankind reflect, they must allow that those who encourage religion, virtue, and literature, deserve as much solid praise as those who disturb the world, and commit all the horrors of war to gain the reputation of being heroes. Indeed, my good lord, we live in unprincipled days, and no change can be expected but by an early attention to the education of the rising generation. Where my opinion must be of weight, I mean, in my electoral dominions, it shall be the chief object of my care; and, should it be crowned with success, it may incline others to follow the example. I now come to a part of your letter that gave me much concern; but should at the same time Allocutio Sanctissimi Domini Papa Pii VI. rehave felt hurt if you had not informed me of. I citata in publico consistorio quod habuit Vindofear the relapse of poor Dr. Arnold: his conduct bona, in Aula Imperiali, die xix Aprilis, 1782. during the time he attended you seemed as favor"Antequam consistoriali huic actioni finem im- able as any of us could desire. I still hope he will soon be reinstated; and I trust you will not ponamus, quæ latere neminem oportet, ex hoc loco præterire silentio nolumus. Gratum quippe nobis long leave me in suspense upon a subject that fuit, imperatoriam majestatem, quam semper mag- only ingenious, but perfectly upright, and, as greatly interests me, for I ever thought him not ni fecimus, coram intueri, ipsumque Cæsarem amanter complecti. Pro muneris nostri ratione such, I have a very sincere regard for him. Exsæpe eum alloquuti sumus, et plurimum in eo urcept the Queen, no one here has the smallest susbanitatis, qua nos augusto domicilio suo honori-picion of his having a fresh attack, which is an attention* I am certain he every way deserves. fice excepit, et liberali quotidie officio habuit, singularem quoque in Deum devotionem, præstantiam ingenii, summumque in rebus agendis studium admirari debuimus. Neque minori solatio paternum animum nostrum erexit Pietas et Religio, quam in splendida hac urbe, et populis in itinere nobis occurrentibus, sartam incorruptamque ma fine weather as we have enjoyed since the violent I hope your visitation will be attended with as * Sic. in MS. What was the matter with Dr. Arnold, physically, mentally, or morally, I have not been able to ascertain. rain on Tuesday night, and the whole of Wednesday. I shall ever remain, my good Lord, Your very affectionate friend, GEORGE R. The letter from the Queen, which we subjoin, is another evidence of the vivacity of her talent. Having given to Hurd her copy of the essay, no wonder we do not find one To the Lord Bishop of Worcester, at Hartlebury in the King's library. There is, however, a Castle, Worcestershire. copy in the British Museum. Windsor, Aug. 20th, 1782. MY GOOD LORD,-There is no probability, and indeed, scarce a possibility, that my youngest child can survive this day. The knowing you are acquainted with the tender feelings of the Queen's heart, convinces me you will be uneasy till apprized that she is calling the only solid assistant under affliction, religion, to her assistance. She feels the peculiar goodness of Divine Providence in never having before put her to so severe a trial, though she has so numerous a family, I do not deny. I also write to you, my good lord, as a balm to my mind; as I have not you present to converse with, I think it the most pleasing occupation by this means to convey to you that I place my confidence that the Almighty will never fill my cup of sorrow fuller than I can bear; and, when I reflect on the dear cause of our tribulation, I consider his change to be so greatly for his advantage, that I sometimes think it unkind to wish his recovery had been effected. And, when I take this event in another point of view, and reflect how much more miserable it would have been to have seen him lead a life of pain, and perhaps end thus at a more mature age, I also confess that the goodness of the Almighty appears strongly in what certainly gives me great concern, but might have been still more severe. G. R. To the Lord Bishop of Worcester. MY GOOD LORD,-The humanity which is not among the least auspicious of your excellent qualities, would, I am persuaded, make you feel for the present distress in which the Queen and I are involved, had you not the farther incitement of a sincere attachment to us both. The little object we are deploring was known to you, and consequently his merits; therefore you will not be surprised that the blow is strong. We both call on the sole assistant to those in distress, the dictates of religion. I have proposed to the Queen, and she approves of it, that I should desire you to come on Saturday, and bring Mr. Fisher with you, that, on Sunday, in my chapel in the Castle, we may have the comfort of hearing you preach, and receiving from your hands the holy communion. I think this a very proper time for renewing the baptismal vow; and, though greatly grieved, I feel true submission to the decrees of Providence, and great thankfulness for having enjoyed for four years that dear infant. Windsor, May 6th, 1788. GEORGE R. The book which accompanies this note is an Essay on the Immortality of the Soul, which I received on Saturday last. It appears to be against Mr. Hume's, Voltaire's, and Rousseau's principles, and chiefly against the first of these authors. As I am not in the least acquainted with the writings of those unhappy men, I must beg the bishop to give me his opinion upon this little tract, as the author of it will not publish his name until he knows the reception of it by some able and understanding men. I do also send the letter of the author, who appears modest and well meaning, and more should be said about him, I believe, but the dedication being to me, I might be suspected of being guided by flattery. You know I hate bribery and corruption; but being corrupted by flattery is worse than money, as it is an open avowal of a corrupted heart, and I hope you do not suspect me of that. I shall be glad to hear of your being well after the fatigue of yesterday. CHARLOTTE. Queen's House, March 29th, 1784. Here is the King's estimate of three of his children-the Duke of York, the Duke of Sussex, and the Duke of Cambridge : Windsor, July 30th, 1786. MY GOOD LORD,--Yesterday I received, by the quarterly messenger, some printed copies of the three successful prize dissertations from Gottingen, as also the speech of the pro-rector on declaring to who the prizes are adjudged; Doctor Langford going to-morrow to Worcester, I take this favorable opportunity of sending a copy of each for you. The medal for the Theological Discourse is now undertaken by Mr. Birch; it will be double the weight of the other; on one side will be my profile, as on the other medal, the reverse is to be taken from the seal he cut some years past for you: as soon as the drawing is prepared I will send it for your opinion. My accounts from Gottingen, of the little colony I have sent there, is very favorable: all three seem highly delighted and pleased with those that have the inspection of them; but what pleases me most is the satisfaction they express at the course of theology they have begun with Professor Less Professor Heyne gives them lessons in the classics, and has an assistant for the rougher work; they learn history, geography, moral philosophy, mathematics, and experimental philosophy, so that their time is fully employed; I think Adolphus at present seems the favorite of all, which from his lively manner is natural, but the good sense of Augustus will in the end prove conspicuous. That Adolphus should have gained Frederick could not be otherwise, as in stature, features, and manner, I never saw two persons so much resemble each other: may the younger one do so in the qualities of the heart, which I have every reason to flatter myself. On Friday I saw Major-General Budé, who told me the disagreeable giddiness you complained of the last winter is much abated; I trust it will enable you, in the autumn, to ride constantly, as that is the best of all remedies. I hope to hear from you how you approve of the small tracts I now send you. Believe me ever, my good lord, yours most affectionately, To the Lord Bishop of Worcester. GEORGE R. The next letter requires no explanation. Windsor, Sept. 2nd, 1786. MY GOOD LORD,-Yesterday I received from Birch the design for the reverse of the theological prize medal, which I now communicate to you. The only alterations I have proposed are, that the cross shall not appear so well finished, but of ruder workmanship, and the name of the university as well as the year placed at the bottom as on the other medal. We have had some alarm in consequence of a spasmodic attack on the breast of Elizabeth, which occasioned some inflammation, but by the skill of Sir George Baker she is now perfectly recovered, and in a few days will resume riding on horseback, which has certainly this summer agreed well with her. Frederick will return, from whom I have great reason to expect much comfort. The accounts of the three at Gottingen are very favorable: the youngest has written to me to express a wish to be publicly examined by the two curators of that university on the commemoration in September, when it will have subsisted fifty years. I have taken the hint, and have directed all three to be examined on that solemn occasion. I ever remain, my good lord, GEORGE R. The Lord Bishop of Worcester, Hartlebury Castle. The seven succeeding letters call for no comment. Windsor, the 30th Feb., 1787. MY LORD,—As I am perfectly unacquainted with the name of the college, in where young Griffith pursued his studies, and therefore less capable of applying to any body about his character, I take the liberty of making him the bearer of this letter, in order that he may answer for himself, totally relying on your goodness that in case he should, after inquiry, not be found what he ought to be, you will forget the application entirely. All I know of him is, that he bears the character of a modest and sober young man, that he behaved extremely well to his mother, who was the Duke of York's nurse, and that he is desirous of being employed in his profession whenever he can. I will now only add, my thanks for your kindness in this affair, and I rejoice to hear that you are a little better, the continuance of which nobody can more sincerely wish than your friend, To the Bishop of Worcester. CHARLOTTE. MY LORD,-I never wished so much to exercise my power and commands as to-day, but I hope you will believe me, when I say, that this desire does not arise from any tyrannical inclination, but from a real regard for you. The wintery feel of this day makes me desirous of preventing your exposing yourself to-morrow inorning at court, where I could only see, but not enjoy your company, which pleasure I beg to have any other day, when less inconvenient and less pernicious to your health. CHARLOTTE. Queen's House, the 17th of January, 1788. G. R. Slo, 3 o'clock. MADAM,-I cannot express the sense I have of your Majesty's gracious command to me not to appear at court to-morrow. But for this once, I hope your Majesty will pardon me, if I am not inclined to yield obedience to it. I have been so well as to take an airing this day, which occasioned me to be from home when the messenger came. I will, therefore, with your Majesty's good leave, attempt to join my brethren to-morrow in the joyful office of the day; and I assure myself the occasion will give me spirits enough to go through it without inconvenience-only it is pos PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE OF GEORGE III. sible, Madam, I may so far take the benefit of your Majesty's indulgence as not to venture into the crowded drawing-room afterward. But even this will be a liberty I shall allow myself very unwillingly. I am, with all possible respect, Madam, your Majesty's most obliged and most obedient servant, R. W. Windsor, June 8th, 1783. MY GOOD LORD,-Having had rather a smart My good lord, truly your good friend, Cheltenham, July 25th, 1788. MY GOOD LORD,-Imagining you would like to hear how the visit to Gloucester had succeeded, I deferred writing till I returned from thence. It is impossible for more propriety to have been shown than both by the bishop and Mr. Holdfast. His speech in his own name and that of the dean and chapter and clergy of the diocese was very proper, and he seemed not to object to my having | [Nov. dean and chapter for the new regulation, by which an answer. I thought it right to command the hoping that it would stimulate the rest of the a more constant attendance is required, and The cathedral is truly beautiful. I am to attend clergy to what is so essential a part of their duty. Divine service there on Sunday. To-morrow is the visit to Croombe, which enables me to fix on Saturday, the 2nd of August, for visiting Hartlebury Castle, where any arrangements for the 6th well, and insisted on seeing yesterday the room at Worcester may be explained. All here are Dr. Hurd used to inhabit at Gloucester: the bishop was obliged to explain Lord Mansfield's prediction on the mitre over the chimney. Had they always been so properly bestowed, the digmultitude of sectaries. nity of the Church would have prevented the Believe me ever your most affectionate friend, To the Lord Bishop of Worcester, GEORGE R. Hartlebury Castle. king, he inquired very anxiously after you, and MY LORD,-When I was last night with the Kew to inform ourself after him. He also gave seemed pleased to hear of your having been at and ordered me to send it as soon as possible, me the sermon for you of Mr. Thomas Willis, and to express how much he wished to know your opinion about it. I am likewise to introduce this new acquaintance of ours to you, which I shall do by a letter through him, and I hope, nay, I am pretty sure that you will like him, as he really is a very modest man, and by his conduct in this house gains everybody's approbation. I have proved so painful to you as to give you the am sorry to hear that your visit at Kew should gout, but hope to hear that it is not a very severe attack. CHARLOTTE. day, but no opportunity found to send it; the MY GOOD LORD,-This letter was wrote yesterconsequence of which is, that the sermon is brought by its author, whom I hope you will approve of. Kew, the 7th Feb., 1789. MY LORD,-The bearer of this is the young man in whose behalf you spoke to the Bishop of Bath and Wells. Would you be so kind, with steps he must take to be introduced to the bishop, your usual goodness, to direct him what further and also to give him good advice about his future oblige conduct in life. In doing that, you will greatly Your sincere friend, CHARLOTTE. Queen's House, the 8th of April, 1789. 1849.] THE WRONGS OF HUNGARY. From the Standard of Freedom. THE WRONGS OF HUNGARY. THE following document has been issued by the London Hungarian Committee: I. Hungary is an ancient constitutional 'monarchy, which used to elect its kings. Every new king was solemnly crowned with the crown of St. Stephen, after taking the coronation oath on Hungarian soil, in which he swore to uphold the constitution. In the year 1687 the royalty was made hereditary in the family of Hapsburg; but, so far was Hungary from becoming a province of Austria, to this year not a single Austrian has been allowed to hold office in the Hungarian kingdom. An Austrian is a foreigner in Hungarian law and practice. II. The kings of the house of Hapsburg have, notwithstanding, made various attempts to overthrow the liberties of Hungary. After repeated attempts to fuse Hungary into Austria, and repeated insurrections, a long struggle, begun by Leopold I., was ended in 1711 by Joseph I., who was constrained to confirm the old constitution. Again, by the efforts of Joseph II. to enforce the German language, and suppress the municipalities, a revolt was kindled, which his successor, Leopold II., finally pacified (in 1790) only by withdrawing all his brother's innovations, and making a peculiarly distinct avowal, that (Art. 10) "Hungary, with her appanages, is a free kingdom, and in regard to her whole legal form of government (including all the tribunals) independent; that is, entangled with no other kingdom or people; but having her own peculiar consistence and constitution, accordingly, to be governed by her legitimately crowned king, after her peculiar laws and customs." Nevertheless, Francis I. dared to violate his coronation oath, by not assembling the Diet from 1811 to 1825. At last he was compelled to give way by the passive resistance to all government. From that year onward the Hungarians have struggled successfully for internal reforms by constitutional methods, though perpetually thwarted by the bigotry, ignorance, and perverse ambition of the Austrian cabinet or crown. III. The internal reforms which they desire were chiefly the following: To remove or lessen the distinctions between the privileged and unprivileged classes, and improve toleration the principles of taxation and of the tenure of land. Next, to extend perfect of religious creed to all. The high Magyar nobility are generally Roman Catholics, yet they have been as willing to concede toleration as the lower nobility and middle are generally Protestants. classes, who Thirdly, to establish free trade with all nations. For the Austrian cabinet choose to confine this great country to Austria for its market, while treating Hungarian produce as foreign. Fourthly, to maintain a free press, and the right especially of publishing the debates and proceedings of the Diet. Fifthly, in general to develop the great resources of Hungary by all sorts of material improvement in agriculture, in roads, in bridges. To this, of late, has been added a struggle for general education. IV. One mode of resistance applied by Austria, was to extinguish parliamentary bills by the veto of the crown; the fear of which paralyzed the upper house-a body always naturally disposed to lean to Austria. Against this the Hungarians had no adequate constitutional weapon to use, since the Austrian cabinet was not responsible to the Hungarian Diet. The often repeated legal declaration of their independence, and in particular the distinct compact of Leopold II. in 1790-91, justified them in desiring, by peaceful and constitutional means, to attain an independent ministry directly responsible to their own parliament. V. Such a ministry had been long talked of and claimed in the Diet. In fact, the conservative party and the opposition had differed little as to the objects at which they aimed, but chiefly as to the vehemence with which they should press them; the conservatives pleading to "give time" to the Austrian cabinet. But in March, 1848, the conservatives, as a separate party, vanished, by the great mass of them acceding to the opposition. Kossuth carried a unanimous vote, |